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The warning comes ahead of the 40th anniversary of the 1986 accident, when a reactor explosion released radiation across Europe and triggered mass evacuations.
The site is enclosed by an inner steel-and-concrete sarcophagus and an outer protective structure, the New Safe Confinement. Greenpeace said that damage and limited repair capacity have reduced the effectiveness of the outer system.
The organisation called for the removal of unstable internal elements to reduce the risk of collapse, noting that ongoing conflict has complicated maintenance and safety work. Plant officials described the situation as highly dangerous, warning that external impacts could further threaten stability and that radioactive materials do not respect borders.