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Humanitarian groups warned that the magnitude of the disaster is nearly unmatched, even for a region familiar with natural calamities. Intense monsoon rains combined with two rare tropical storm systems unleashed record-breaking rainfall across Sri Lanka, Indonesia’s Sumatra, southern Thailand, and northern Malaysia.
Indonesia recorded 753 deaths on Wednesday, while the number of missing surged to 650. Authorities say the rising figures reflect delayed reports from areas still cut off by damaged roads, destroyed infrastructure, and collapsed communication networks.
"It’s extremely difficult logistically," said Ade Soekadis, Executive Director of Mercy Corps Indonesia. “The damage and size of the affected zone are enormous.”
At a shelter in Padan, 52-year-old Reinaro Waruwu expressed deep frustration over what he described as a slow and inadequate government response. Many survivors waited more than 24 hours for help.
"It came like an earthquake," he said, recalling landslides that buried neighbours alive. “I thought, ‘If I’m going to die, so be it.’”
Food shortages remain severe, though some supplies reached shelters on Tuesday. Nearby, another survivor, 37-year-old Hamida Telaumbaunua, described watching her kitchen being washed away and losing her entire home.
The same weather system battered southern Thailand, killing at least 176 people, and caused widespread flooding in Malaysia, where two fatalities were reported.
While monsoon floods are common in Asia, scientists warn that climate change is amplifying heavy rainfall events as warmer air retains more moisture and warmer oceans energise storm systems.
A separate storm, Cyclone Ditwah, devastated Sri Lanka last week, causing at least 465 deaths and leaving 366 people missing. Authorities estimate the reconstruction bill could reach up to $7 billion.
The government plans to offer financial assistance, including $83 for families cleaning their homes and up to $8,000 for those who lost theirs. More than 1.5 million people have been affected, with over 200,000 sheltering in government-run facilities.
Despite the crisis, a luxury cruise ship docked in Colombo on Tuesday. Tourism officials said the arrival signals that Sri Lanka remains “safe, open, and ready to welcome visitors once again.